2. They discovered how to
inactivate, or knock out, single genes in laboratory animals.

他们发现如何阻止或破坏实验动物的个体基因方法。
3. For improving the extraction efficiency of anthocyanins,
inactivate these substances is needed during raw material processing and pigment extraction.

在色素提取时要首先将这些活性物质钝化,以提高花青素的产率。